Fig. 1

Representative IVCM images of the subbasal nerve plexus from preoperative to 12 months postoperatively. Both CLEAR eyes (a–e) and SMILE eyes (f–j) showed significant reductions in CNFD, CNBD, CNFL, CTBD, and CFracDim compared with preoperative levels. Corneal dendritic cells (white arrows) were detected at all time points, presenting with a notable increased cell area at 1 month. IVCM, in vivo confocal microscopy; CLEAR, corneal lenticule extraction for advanced refractive correction; SMILE, small incision lenticule extraction; CNFD, corneal nerve fiber density; CNBD, corneal nerve branch density; CNFL, corneal nerve fiber length; CTBD, corneal total branch density; CFracDim, corneal nerve fiber fractal dimension; Pre-OP, preoperative; PO, postoperative; M, month